CEE 680

Fall 2011

 

Homework #3

 

1.  Acid/Base Equilibria I: algebraic method

Determine the complete solution composition of the following systems (all are added to 1 liter of pure water), based on the governing equations.  Make one or more simplifying assumptions, then solve the system of equations based on those assumptions, and check the assumptions.

 

               a. 5x10-3 moles  HOCl

               b. 5x10-3 moles  NaCN

               c. 5x10-8 moles  HCl

               d. 1x10-3 moles  HAc    +     5x10-4 moles  NaAc

 

 

2.  Acid/Base Equilibria II: graphical method

 

Solve the following problems (A. and B.) graphically.  Later in question #4, I will ask you to solve them exactly using MINEQL.  Show the graphs and circle your solution point.  Then present the approximate concentrations in a table.

 

               A). Construct a log C vs pH diagram for a 0.10 F phosphate (H3PO4, H2PO4-, HPO4-2, PO4-3) system.  Using it, calculate the pH and the concentration of all species in the following solutions:

 
 

  i) 0.10 F NaH2PO4

 
 

 ii) 0.10 F Na2HPO4

 
 

iii) 0.10 F Na3PO4

 

B) Construct similar log C vs pH diagrams for 0.10 F carbonate system (H2CO3, HCO3-, CO3-2) and 0.20 F ammonia system (NH4+, NH3), and use this to calculate pH and composition of the following systems:

 
 

  i) 0.10 F NaHCO3

 
 

 ii) 0.10 F NaHCO3 + 0.20 F NH4Cl

 
 

iii) 0.10 F (NH4)2CO3

 
 

 iv) 0.10 F Na2CO3

 


 

3.  Acid/Base Equilibria III: Acids & Conjugate Bases

 

        A.) Calculate the composition and pH of the following solutions[1]:

 
 

  i) 0.10 F NaCOOH + 0.40 F HCOOH

 
 

 ii) 0.20 F NH3 + 0.50 F NH4Cl

 

              B.) A 3.16x10-3 F solution of uric acid has a pH of 3.2.  What is the pH of an equimolar solution (i.e., 3.16x10-3 F) of the Na+ salt of its conjugate base (Na-urate)?

 

 

 

4.  Acid/Base Equilibria II: MINEQL method

 

Solve the problems from question #2 (2A. and 2B.) exactly using MINEQL.  Present the MINEQL-based concentrations in a table.  Compare your MINEQL results with the approximate solutions you obtained from your graphs in problem 2 (note: when solving problems with the carbonate system, you will have to send aqueous CO2 to the Type VI category just as you did for H+.  When we work with open carbonate systems, you won't have to do this.)

 

 

Assigned: 23 Sept 11

Due: Prob1: 3 Oct 11

Prob 2&3: 7 Oct 11

Prob 4: 12 Oct 11



[1] The pKa for formic acid is 3.75